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Mitral Valve Prolapse

Summarized By:   Shahdad Azmoon, MD

Date of  Publication: April 2nd, 2005

Found in ~ 5% of population. 

Can occur at any age

It is more common in females

When older than 45 years of age there is greater likelihood of complications

Mitral Valve Prolapse may be inherited via autosomal dominant inheritance with variable         phenotypic expression

Degeneration (myxomatous) of the mitral valve is a common cause of mitral valve prolapse.

Others causes may include Marfan’s syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, osteogenesis  imperfecta, Rheumatic fever, Ebstein's anomaly of the tricuspid valve,as Collagen vascular  disease, Coronary artery disease, Cardiomyopathies,

One or both leaflets of mitral valve bulges into the left atrium during systole.

Physical exam reveals a midsystolic click, commonly accompanied by a late-systolic murmur

Occasionally patients may exparience atypical chest pain and palpitations

Endocarditis prophylaxis prior to dental, oral, respiratory tract, or esophageal procedures is      indicated for patients with mitral valve prolapse in certain clinical situations

Yearly physical examination by your doctor for assessment is recommended

Echocardiography to evaluate and close followup for development of mitral regurgitation and   monitoring of hypertension (possible chordae runpture)

Valvular surgery may be needed for those patients who have severe se symptoms

Aspirin therapy is recommended in certain patients (consult with your doctor)

Patients with mitral valve prolapse can safely engage in many sports, but a certain group         should avoid high-intensity sports.

A list of patients who should definitely consult with their physician include:

      Patients with arrhythmias

      Patients with mitral regurgitation

      Patients with prolonged QT interval

      Patients with aortic root enlargement,

      Patients with history of syncope

      Patients with family history of sudden death

In most instances mitral valve prolapse is a benign condition and may not progress

Patients with mitral valve prolapse often experience excessive anxiety

Studies have shown 75% of patients do not require medical treatment nor have an increase in morbidity or mortality due to mitral valve prolapse

as high as 25% patients may need valvular surgery as a result of possible complications           and/or symptoms

Some complications with mitral valve prolase to be weary of may include:

      mitral regurgitation, endocarditis, arrhythmias, cerebrovascular accidents

 References:  "UpToDate"

Remember:

1)  Please follow up with your physician on a routine basis as needed.

2)  Please follow directions when taking medications.

3)  Please do not hesitate to see a physician when concerns arise regarding your health.

4)  Your health should be your most important investment, take good care of it!

Sincerely,

Dr. Azmoon

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